Furnace charging methods and requirements

First, the loading method
EAF is the most common cold loading, their way into the furnace is divided into different manual loading and mechanical loading.
Manual loading and more for a nominal capacity of less than 3t electric furnace, the disadvantage is the loading time is long, low productivity, labor-intensive.
Baskets top loading is the best method of loading speed, heat loss, and the charge can be installed in advance in advance, fabrics and reasonable.
Second, the requirements for loading
To shorten the time to ensure that the recovery rate of alloying elements, reducing power consumption and improving lining life, charging time required: accurate, pretend to be dense fabric reasonable and fast into the furnace.
Before loading, ingredients workers to conscientiously planned furnace, with the requirements of steel ingredients, according to the requirements of different kinds of steel craft, careful analysis and calculation, accurate ingredients. Therefore, the necessary approval required before loading into the steel material with the composition of the alloy composition, but also to check metering equipment to ensure full penetration after suitable chemical composition, weight accurately, in order to facilitate the smooth progress of smelting.
Dense packed charge, can be obtained once entirety, and can improve the conductivity of the charge transfer performance, the electrode wear well, the muffle furnaces arc stability, and is conducive to melt. To achieve a dense, smooth loading time will depend on large, medium and small charge a reasonable match. Typically, the charge is less than 10kg of petit material, 10 ~ 25kg called the material, more than 50kg called aniseed. When charging, the charge capacity of different furnaces have different size requirements, but the charge may not exceed the maximum total weight of the charge 1/50.
Reasonable fabric is more important, generally is part of the small material miscellaneous iron baskets mounted on the bottom, in a small material above the center of the baskets loaded aniseed or refractory material, intermediate fill small material, so smooth, dense, large gaps, making it conducive to conducting, but also to eliminate and prevent the collapse of the bridge material is broken electrode material. The remaining material packed in small aniseed or refractory material on top and around. Finally, in the upper part of baskets loaded material weight 0.02% to 0.03% of the miscellaneous iron, in order to facilitate arc, stable arc current and reduce radiation damage on the lid.
Steel slag, Tang Tao steel and other difficult-conductive charge should be installed in a place away from the electrodes, so as not to affect the conductivity. Do not install in the vicinity of pig iron door, but to be installed in aniseed or refractory material around facilitate its carburizing effect, reducing aniseed or refractory material melting, thus speeding up the melting. Where the alloy into the furnace, in order to ensure the recovery rate of the elements should be based on their different physical and chemical properties installed in different locations, such as tungsten, molybdenum, iron high melting point, easily oxidized, can be installed in the high temperature zone, but do not install in the arc below; ferrochrome, nickel plate, ferromanganese, etc. should be installed in a position away from the high temperature zone, to reduce their volatilization losses.
The furnace temperature is high in the middle, surrounded by low, so the cloth should be done high in the middle, surrounded by low. In addition, you should also ensure Chuanjing fast, do not bypass, after the furnace door and slope without aniseed, no refractory material.